The safety and efficacy of a dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a dedicated neonatal-infant brain 0.35 T MRI system.Methods:A dual-center controlled clinical trial was conducted with single-arm objective performance criteria. From June to July 2020, sixty-six infants aged 0-12 (6.3±3.4) months were recruited from Children′s Hospital of Soochow University and the First People′s Hospital of Lianyungang prospectively. All infants underwent brain MRI with a dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system, using the dedicated two-channel transceiver head coil. MRI protocol included spin echo T 1WI, fast spin echo T 2WI, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion weighted imaging and 3D gradient echo sequence. MRI sequences were set with three orientations (axial, sagittal and coronal). Each case received at least two scanning planes and two scanning sequences. Five-point Likert scoring system was used to evaluate the image quality of acquired images, and the target value was set as at least 3 points per image. The temperature, heart rate and breathe of the infants were recorded before and after MRI; the acoustic noise of the MRI system was measured during the scanning process; and the adverse reactions were recorded if presented. Results:Five infants successfully completed their examination during non-sedated sleep in a single attempt, and 61 infants after sedation with chloral hydrate. Based on MRI-based five-point Likert scoring system, 41 cases achieved a score of 5, 21 cases with a score of 4 and 4 cases with a score of 3. Cases with score of 3 was due to movement of the infants during the scan, which resulted in motion related artifacts. The vital signs of all infants showed stable before and after imaging, with heart rate of (126.8±12.9) beats per minute, breathe of (38.2±6.8) times per minute. It was found that 47 cases showed no sign of temperature raise after brain MRI, 15 cases had less than 0.3 ℃ raise and 4 cases had 0.3 ℃ to 0.5 ℃ raise. The noise recorded during the scanning process was (57.5±1.8) dB(A). One case had mild diarrhea on the day of MR scan, and the symptoms disappeared on the second day without treatment; no adverse reactions were found for the rest subjects.Conclusion:Dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system allows data acquisition with high safety and excellent image quality, which has potentials in the clinical applications.

Factors associated with malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease within one year after surgery / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To explore the risk factors of malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease within one year after surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study selected 502 infants with congenital heart disease who underwent surgical treatment in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from February 2018 to January 2019. Their basic information and clinical data were analyzed, and their nutrition status after the surgery was followed up by questionnaire survey. Weight-for-age Z score (WAZ)≤-2 one year after operation was defined as malnutrition group, and WAZ>-2 was non-malnutrition group. The perioperative indicators and complementary food advancement were compared between the two groups by chi-square test, t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The risk factors of malnutrition were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: A total of 502 infants were selected, including 301 males and 201 females, with the age of 4.1 (2.0, 6.8) months. There were 90 cases in malnutrition group and 412 cases in non-malnutrition group. The body length and weight at birth in the malnutrition group were lower than those in the non-malnutrition group ((47.8±3.8) vs. (49.3±2.5) cm, (2.7±0.6) vs.(3.0±0.5) kg, both P<0.001). The proportion of paternal high school education or above and the proportion of family per capita income of 5 000 yuan or above in the malnutrition group were lower than those in the non-malnutrition group ((18.9% (17/90) vs. 30.8% (127/412), 18.9% (17/90) vs. 33.7% (139/412), both P<0.05). Compared to the non-malnutrition group, the proportion of complex congenital heart disease in the malnutrition group was higher (62.2% (56/90) vs. 47.3% (195/412), P<0.05). The postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) stay time, postoperative hospital stay, total length of ICU stay and total hospital stay in the malnutrition group were significantly longer than those in non-malnutrition group (all P<0.05). The proportion of egg and fish supplementation over 2 times/week within one year after the surgery was also lower in the malnutrition group (both P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that mother's weight at delivery (OR=0.95,95%CI 0.91-0.99), the pre-operative WAZ≤-2 (OR=6.04, 95%CI 3.13-11.65), the complexity of the cardiac disease (OR=2.23, 95%CI 1.22-4.06), the hospital stay after the surgery over 14 days (OR=2.61, 95%CI 1.30-5.26), the types of complementary food<4 (OR=2.57, 95%CI 1.39-4.76), and the frequency of meat and fish<2 times/week (OR=2.11, 95%CI 1.13-3.93) were the risk factors associated with malnutrition within one year after the surgery. Conclusion: Mother's weight at delivery pre-operative nutritional status, complexity of cardiac disease, postoperative hospital stay, types of daily supplements and frequency of fish are risk factors associated with malnutrition within one year after surgery in children with congenital heart disease.

Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis cases reported in students from Guizhou Province, 2011-2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the trend of epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among smear-positive or other types of students in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020, and to provide a reference for improving prevention and control measures. Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese Information System's Notifiable Disease and Tuberculosis Management Information System for disease control and prevention, the Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software was used to analyze the trend of registration rate; the ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to construct a ring map and to perform spatial autocorrelation analysis; the SaTScan 9.7 software was used for spatial-temporal scan statistics. Results: A total of 32 682 student PTB cases were reported in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020, including 5 949 (18.20%) smear-positive cases. Most cases occurred from high school students of 16 to 18 years old (43.99%, 14 376/32 682); the annual average registered rate was 36.22/100 000, the highest in 2018 (52.90/100 000), and the registration rate showed an increasing trend. Meanwhile, a similar trend of registration rate was observed among smear-positive or other types of students. The spatialtemporal heterogeneity was found that the "high-high" clustering patterns of smear-positive or other types were aggregated in Bijie City. Six spatialtemporal clusters with statistically significant (all P<0.001) were detected among smear-positive or other cases, respectively. Conclusions: Upward trend with spatial- temporal clusters of PTB cases reported in students from Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020. Surveillance should be strengthened for high school students, and regular screening should be conducted in high-risk areas to control the source of infection and reduce the risk of transmission.

Current Status and Research Trends of Panax Between 1900-2019: A Bibliometric Analysis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the current status and further development of Panax genus and 6 important individual species including P. notoginseng, P. quinquefolium, P. vietnamensis, P. japonicus, P. stipuleanatus and P. zingiberensis.@*METHODS@#The bibliometric analysis was based on the Web of Science core database platform from Thomson Reuters. Totally, 7,574 records of scientific research of Panax species published from 1900-2019 were analyzed. The statistical and visualization analysis was performed by CiteSpace and HistCite software.@*RESULTS@#The academic research of Panax species increase promptly. Plant science is the main research field while research and experimental medicine and agricultural engineering will be the further development tendency. Particularly, the discrimination research of P. notoginseng will be the research tendency among Panax species, especially diversity research. In addition, P. vietnamensis deserves more attention in the genus Panax.@*CONCLUSION@#This research provides a reference for further research of the genus and individual species.

Gallic Acid: A Potential Anti-Cancer Agent / 中国结合医学杂志

Cancer is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide and definitive therapeutics for treating cancer are not yet available despite extensive research efforts. The key challenges include limiting factors connected with traditional chemotherapeutics, primarily drug resistance, low response rates, and adverse side-effects. Therefore, there is a high demand for novel anti-cancer drugs that are both potent and safe for cancer prevention and treatment. Gallic acid (GA), a natural botanic phenolic compound, can mediate various therapeutic properties that are involved in anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer activities. More recently, GA has been shown to exert anti-cancer activities via several biological pathways that include migration, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis, and oncogene expression. This review discusses two aspects, one is the anti-cancer potential of GA against different types of cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms, the other is the bibliometric analysis of GA in cancer and tumor research. The results indicated that lung cancer, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and colon adenocarcinoma may become a hot topic in further research. Overall, this review provides evidence that GA represents a promising novel, potent, and safe anti-cancer drug candidate for treating cancer.

Analysis of the soil microbial community of Cistanche deserticola and Cynomorium songaricum in the saline-alkali soil of Ebinur Lake / 药学学报

To explore the characteristics of soil microbial communities of Cistanche deserticola and Cynomorium songaricum, two typical parasitic medicinal plants that live in an extreme saline alkali environment, 16S PCR was used to sequence the soil microbial communities of C. deserticola and C. songaricum in Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang. Redundancy analysis and correlation analysis were carried out based on the abundance of core microbiome and ecoclimatic factors. The results show that the diversity of the soil microbial community of C. deserticola was significantly higher than that of C. songaricum. The core microbial groups of C. deserticola and C. songaricum were Marinomona, Halomonadaceae, Rhizobiales, Halomonas, and Acidimicrobiales. Six specific biomarkers were identified as Micrococcacea, Echinicola, Glutamicibacter, Galbibacter, Pseudoalteromonas, and Marinobacterium_ rhizophilum. The results of redundancy analysis and correlation analysis show that the average temperature in the driest season and the average temperature in the coldest season, and the clay content and soil texture classification were the main ecological factors affecting the composition of these soil microbial communities. This study provides a theoretical basis for finding molecular markers of C. deserticola and C. songaricum and promoting the quality of C. deserticola and C. songaricum.

Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers, Especially Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio, Predict Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Materials and Methods@#Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis. @*Results@#Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Conclusion@#The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.

Investigation on the current status of silica dust hazard in workplaces in Jiangxi Province / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the current status of silica dust hazard in workplaces of Jiangxi Province. METHODS: The level of silica dust in the air of workplaces, occupational health examination of the dust-exposed workers and diagnosis of occupational disease in 1 557 enterprises in Jiangxi Province were investigated and analyzed. RESULTS: The 1 557 enterprises were included in eight industries, and the main types of enterprises were non-coal mining, ceramic products manufacturing and stone processing industry(a total of 85.16%). There were 4 029 jobs/positions that were involved in exposure to silica dust in these workplaces. Among them, the exposure concentration of time weighted average(C_(TWA)) of total dust and respirable dust exceeded 21.52% and 20.55%, respectively. The posts where the total dust and respirable dust that exceed the standard were found in the quartz sand processing industry, non-ferrous metal smelting industry and stone processing industry, that were the top three among the eight industries(all P<0.01). Among the 828 posts with C_(TWA) of respiratory dust exceeding the standard, the C_(TWA) exceeding rate of mild-, moderate-and high-hazardous jobs were 3.87%(156/4 029), 1.66%(67/4 029) and 15.02%(605/4 029), respectively. Among 23 643 dust-exposed workers, the detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected silicosis were 2.06% and 1.51%, and the prevalence of silicosis was 1.21%. CONCLUSION: Silica dust hazard in workplaces of quartz sand processing industry, non-ferrous metal smelting industry and stone processing industry are serious in Jiangxi Province. The supervision and management of occupational health should be further strengthened to guarantee the occupational health of workers.

Incidence of hypoglycemia during colonoscopy and the prevention of hypoglycemia by enteric nutrients / 中华消化内镜杂志

To compare the incidence of hypoglycemia between day-before bowel preparation and split-dose bowel preparation in colonoscopy patients. The effects of enterald ietary nutrients on the prevention of hypoglycemia and the preparation quality of the intestine during colonoscopy were compared. The patients who underwent colonoscopy were divided into the day-before bowel preparation group, the split-dose bowel preparation group, and the split-dose bowel preparation + enteral nutrient diet group. All patients had their finger blood sugar tested before colonoscopy. The peripheral blood glucose level was measured before operation. After the endoscopic examination, the intestinal cleanliness of the patients was evaluated through the Boston intestinal preparation scale by endoscopists. The incidence of day-before bowel preparation group and split-dose bowel preparation group and enteral nutrient intervention group were 14.38%(23/160), 17.50% (28/160)and 6.45% (4/62), respectively. The proportions of high quality intestinal cleaning were 31.25% (50/160), 35.00% (56/160) and 82.26% (51/62) in the three groups respectively. The incidence of hypoglycemia was higher in split-dose bowel preparation group than that in day-before bowel preparation group. Enteral nutrient intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia and improve the quality of intestinal preparation, which is a recommended intestinal preparation method.

Analysis of Key Varieties and Rational Allocation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Under COVID-19 Epidemic Situation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the fight against coronavirus diseasef-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. A total of 241 Chinese patent medicines and 242 prescriptions were recommended by the state and 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. A total of 53 varieties of commonly used medicinal materials were selected by analysis, of which 20 were common key varieties in medicinal materials of Chinese patent medicines and prescriptions, including Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Forsythiae Fructus, Pogostemonis Herba, etc. At the same time, some cold-quilt medicines and ethnic medicines also played an important role in the epidemic. By evaluating the supply and regeneration ability of the key varieties of TCM resources under the current COVID-19 epidemic situation, means of the source, regeneration cycle, medicinal parts, new production and market information of 53 kinds of TCM at present, it is suggested that the artificial cultivation of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Paeoniae Radix Rubra can be strengthened, the development of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Isatidis Radix and other domestic medicinal materials can be controlled. In response to the change in market demand, the production variety structure and planting area of Chinese medicinal materials were timely adjusted to improve the quality standard and safety index of Chinese medicinal materials, and in order to provide ideas for the rational allocation of TCM resources and the development of Chinese medicinal materials industry under the epidemic situation.

Comparative analysis of three complete chloroplast genomes of Inula genus with phylogenetic analysis of 49 plants from Carduoideae / 药学学报

italic>Inula japonica, Inula hupehensis and Inula linaariifolia are all medicinal plants of Inula L. in the Compositae family, and Inula hupehensis is endemic to China. In order to compare their genomic sequence differences and provide scientific basis for their germplasm conservation and development, we obtained and analyzed the complete chloroplast genomes of these three species. Total DNAs were extracted from fresh leaves and subjected to next-generation DNA sequencing. NOVOPlasty was used to assemble the chloroplast genomes from the sequence reads. CPGAVAS2 was used to annotate the genes and repeats in each genome. Lastly, phylogenomics analysis was conducted using RAxML. The results showed that the total length of the chloroplast genome of Inula japonica, Inula hupehensis and Inula linaariifolia is 150 754, 150 909, and 150 812 bp respectively, each consisting of a large single copy region, a small single copy region and a pair of inverted repeat regions. In addition, the G/C content of all three chloroplast genomes was approximately 37.7% and each encoded 111 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding, 28 tRNA and 4 rRNA genes. Meanwhile, 32, 33, 34 simple repeat sequences, 18, 22, 18 tandem repeat sequences and 33, 37, 38 scattered repeat sequences were identified in three species. Phylogenomic analysis showed that all three species of Inula L. and Pluchea indica were clustered together, with the relationship between Inuleae and Senecioneae closer, suggesting that Inuleae may have originated from the Senecioneae, not the Cardueae. The data in this study not only enriches the chloroplast genome database of Inula L., but also lays the foundation for the future studies of species identification, phylogenetic relationships, evolution history and genetic diversity of Inula species.

Quality ecotype of Panax quinquefolium L. based on heredity-chemistry-ecology characteristics / 药学学报

Medicinal materials in China differ in quality by different ecological types. Our research group found that there were two ecotypes of domestic Panax quinquefolium L. according to the characteristics of ginsenosides, inside versus outside Shanhaiguan. The genetic and ecological mechanisms of quality variation of Panax quinquefolium L. is unknown. Based on the genetic-chemical-ecological strategy, transcriptome and HPLC technology were used for comprehensive correlation analyses of transcriptomic data, ginsenoside content and environmental climate ecological factors. The transcriptomic results showed that key genes of ginsenoside biosynthesis, such as HMGR, AS and FPS, were significantly down-regulated in the inside Shanhaiguan ecotype. HPLC results showed that the quality of outside Shanhaiguan ecotype Panax quinquefolium L. was higher than that of the inside ecotype, with the content of ginsenosides in outside Panax quinquefolium L. was higher than that of inside ecotype except Rb2. Correlation analyses revealed that content of Panax quinquefolium L. ginsenoside is positively related to the expression levels of ginsenoside biosynthesis key genes (MK, HMGS, HMGR, and AS), and negatively related to the expression of glycosyl transferase (GT). The content of ginsenosides is negative related with climate factors, such as temperature, sunshine, and is positively related with moisture in both ecological environments. This study has provided a new mechanistic insight into the quality variations of two ecotypes for Panax quinquefolium L. and established a scientific basis for studying the ecological factors for the quality of traditional Chinese medicine.

Complete chloroplast genome of Allium chinense: comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis / 药学学报

italic>Allium chinense belongs to the genus Alliums of the lily family. It can be used both as medicine and food. To date, the phylogenetic relationship of Allium species have not be resolved completely. Furthermore, there has been a lack of DNA barcode to distinguish closely related species. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of A. chinense was obtained using next generation DNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, and compared with that from other Allium species. The genome is a circular molecule of 152 525 bp with a typical quadripartite structure. Genome annotation identified a total of 116 genes, including 81 protein-coding genes, 31 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Analyses of sequences from six Allium species showed that the most diverse regions are found in the protein coding regions such as ndhA and ycf1 genes, and in the intergenic regions, such as ps16-trnQ, trnT-trnF, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32-trnL and rpl16-rps3. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using 58 protein coding sequences from 53 species. All branches showed strong support with bootstrap scores reaching 66%-100%, except those for the Lilium and Paris. Our results suggest that the completed chloroplast genome could solve the classification problems of these species. Using EcoPrimer software, we identified seven markers from the chloroplast genomes, which can be used to differentiate congeneric species. In summary, we have sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of A. chinense, carried out phylogenetic analysis and identified a series of genus specific DNA barcode sequences. The results have laid the foundation for the systematical determination of the phylogenetic relationship of Allium species and the differentiation of species using the genus specific primers.

Prediction of the globally ecological suitability of Panax quinquefolius by the geographic information system for global medicinal plants (GMPGIS) / 中国天然药物

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is a well-known Asian traditional herbal medicine with a large market demand. The plant is native to eastern North America, and its main producing areas worldwide are decreasing due to continuous cropping obstacles and environmental changes. Therefore, the identification of maximum similarities of new ecological distribution of P. quinquefolius, and prediction of its response to climate change in the future are necessary for plant introduction and cultivation. In this study, the areas with potential ecological suitability for P. quinquefolius were predicted using the geographic information system for global medicinal plants (GMPGIS) based on 476 occurrence points and 19 bioclimatic variables. The results indicate that the new ecologically suitable areas for P. quinquefolius are East Asia and the mid-eastern Europe, which are mainly distributed in China, Russia, Japan, Ukraine, Belarus, North Korean, South Korea, andRomania. Under global climate change scenarios, the suitable planting areas for P. quinquefolius would be increased by 9.16%-30.97%, and expandingnorth and west over the current ecologically suitable areas by 2070. The potential increased areas that are ecologically suitable include northern Canada, Eastern Europe, and the Lesser Khingan Mountains of China, and reduced regions are mainly in central China, the southern U.S., and southern Europe. Jackknife tests indicate that the precipitation of the warmest quarter was the important climatic factor controlling the distribution of P. quinquefolius. Our findings can be used as auseful guide for P. quinquefolius introduction and cultivation in ecologically suitable areas.

Therapeutic effect of nonablative fractional 1565nm laser for striae gravidarum in abdomen / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect and safety of fractional 1565 nm laser on white striae gravidarum (SG) in abdomen and observe the influencing factors of treatment effect.@*Methods@#Thirty-six patients, aged 24-39 years old, were randomly divided into two groups(group A, n=16, group B, n=20): patients in group A underwent two passes of laser treatment: striae were locally scanned at moderate level energy(35 mJ/μb) with high density(300 dot/cm2), and high level energy (45 mJ/μb)with low density(150 dot/cm2)was adopted for the whole area.Group B received one pass of treatment at moderate energy with high density 35 mJ/μb, 300 dot/cm2). All patients received three laser treatments at a 6 weeks interval. Improvement of SG appearance was assessed by blinded reviewers, 3 months after the last treatment, using a percentage category scale. Meanwhile, patients satisfaction was evaluated. The impact of skin aging on laser treatment was evaluated. Patient satisfaction scores and side effects were evaluated.@*Results@#All patients completed the overall trial. The average improvement of scores was 1.69±0.95, which contributed to a fairly good response rate of 88.89%. The patients satisfactory and very satisfactory rate was 58.3%(21/36). There was no significant difference in improvement score between group A(1.88±0.89) and group B(1.55±1.00) (P< 0.01). The operation duration of group B was shorter than group A, (29.6±4.9)min vs.(53.7±5.5)min, P<0.05. There was a moderate negative correlation between aging and laser treatment effect (r=-0.553). The abnormal color of skin(erythema and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) in group A lasted longer than group B, (9.17±4.03)d vs. (6.73±2.29)d, P<0.05.The pain score during treatment was tolerable, with the score of 2.61±0.76.@*Conclusions@#The treatment with fractional 1565 nm laser can improve the appearance of SG. It is more timesaving when the entire implicated area treated by one pass at moderate level energy with high density. Skin aging will discount the effect.

Expression of CSN6 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and its clinical significance / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the expression of constitutive photomorphogenesis factor 9 signa-ling complex subunit 6(CSN6) in hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC),and its clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Methods The expression of CSN6 at levels of protein and mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and normal hepatic tissues was analyzed using public human protein Atlas database and StarBase database. The TCGA database was used to analyze the differential expression of CSN6 in patients with different tumor stages and graded of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CSN6 protein in 106 patients with HCC and analyzed its relationship with multiple clinicopathological factors and overall survival. Results The expression of CSN6 was elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues when compared to normal hepatic tissues. CSN6 was more highly expressed in patients with high pathological grades(G3 and G4)and high stages (Ⅱ and Ⅲ);patients with hepato-cellular carcinoma with high expression of CSN6 had a shorter overall survival. The expression of CSN6 in hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with tumor differentiation and hepatitis B virus infection, and was an independent predictor of overall survival. Conclusion The expression of CSN6 is significantly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma. The increased expression of CSN6 in HCC tissues suggests a poor prognosis. The increased expression is associated with the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcino-ma and has a potential new prognostic marker and therapeutic target.

Research status and treatment strategies of maintenance therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors,and its morbidity and mortality are in the third and fourth places,respectively. About 60% of patients are in an advanced stage at the diagnosis,and their 5-year survival rate is around 13% . In the past 20 years,since the standardized application of advanced first-line chemotherapy and targeted drugs for metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC),mCRC treatment has made a major breakthrough. The use of oxaliplatin,capecitabine,bevacizumab,cetux-imab and other drugs have doubled the median survival and increased the 5-year survival rate by 20% . The usual mode of first-line treatment of mCRC in the late stage is continuous medication until the disease progress or the intolerable toxicity occurs. However,be-cause of the accumulation of toxicity of chemotherapy drugs,only one-third of patients can continue to receive treatment until the dis-ease progresses. After completing established initial treatment cycle and achieving CR/PR/SD,the patients continue to use low -dose,low-toxic drugs for maintenance treatment,which can delay the progression and metastasis of the tumor,and reduce the side effects of drug. At present,maintenance therapy has become the main treatment mode after advanced first -line chemotherapy for mCRC. However,the optimal maintenance regimen for mCRC remains inconclusive,and existing maintenance regimens still do not find a balance between optimal outcome and maximum quality of life. This article will review the clinical studies of mCRC′s existing main-tenance treatment regimens,summarize the current status of mCRC maintenance therapy,and discuss individualized treatment strate-gies.

Analysis of global ecology of Acanthopanax senticosus in suitability and quality / 药学学报

Geographic information system for global medicinal plants (GMPGIS) and MaxEnt modeling are adopted to analyze the ecological suitability of the endangered plant Acanthopanax senticosus. Response curves were created by the raster data of 6 ecological factors, including mean annual temperature, mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, mean annual precipitation, mean annual humidity, and mean annual radiation. The relationship between the syringin content of this plant and these ecological factors was analyzed using a redundancy analysis method (RDA), which could be used to predict the most relevant ecological factors influencing the active constituents of Acanthopanax senticosus plants. GMPGIS and MaxEnt results suggest that China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea, are the main producing areas in the world for Acanthopanax senticosus, while there are also other potential areas with maximum similarities of ecological distribution in the United States, Canada, Ukraine, Romania, Hungary, Germany and 22 other countries. In addition, the genuine producing areas in China mainly include Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, while there are the maximum similarities of ecological distribution of Acanthopanax senticosus in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Sichuan. RDA results suggest that the mean annual humidity, precipitation, temperature are the most important eco-factors positively affecting the content of syringin in Acanthopanax senticosus. Our research provides scientific support to the utilization of ecological suitability areas for endangered plant Acanthopanax senticosus and the resource regeneration.

Exploration on antibacterial activity and mechanism of flowers and leaves from Paeonia rockii based on network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of flowers and leaves from Paeonia rockii, screen antibacterial compounds and predict targets of antibacterial to explore its multi-component, multi-target antibacterial mechanism. In this study, minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of seven strains of Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis， Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined by microdilution method. Uniprot databases was used to find the antibacterial targets, and RCSB was used to identify targets associated with antimicrobial activity as docked receptor proteins. The candidate active ingredients from flowers and leaves of P. rockii were identified by database such as PubChem. The ligands were constructed by ChemDraw, Avogadro and Discovery Studio Visualizer. QuickVina 2.0 software was used to molecular docking. Besides, the Cytoscape 3.5.1 software was used to construct activity compounds of flowers and leaves from P. rockii ingredients-targets network, and Uniprot software was used to analyze gene ontology and KEGG pathway. antibacterial experiments found antibacterial effect of the flowers and leaves from P. rockii, especially methanol extraction of flowers has the strongest antibacterial effect. The network pharmacology indicated that total 29 activity ingredients and their 18 targets were screened in flowers and leaves from P. rockii. Comparison of the active ingredients and the number of antimicrobial target networks, it is predicted that the antibacterial components are mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids and main mechanism of antibacterial is to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial proteins. In this study, potential antibacterial activity of flowers and leaves from P. rockii has be found by antibacterial experiments and network pharmacology screening. And this study provides new clues for further basic study on the antibacterial agents of flowers and leaves from P. rockii.

Exploration on mechanism of anti-influenza virus activity of genus Paeonia based on network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to investigate the anti-influenza virus activity of the genus Paeonia, screen potential anti-influenza virus compounds and predict targets of anti-influenza virus to explore the mechanism of anti-influenza virus activity. First of all, a total of 301 compounds of the genus Paeonia were summarized from the literatures in recent ten years. The candidate active ingredients from the genus Paeonia were identified by database such as PubChem and Chemical Book. The ligands were constructed by ChemDraw, Avogadro and Discovery Studio Visualizer. Secondly, 23 potential anti-influenza virus targets were developed by combining the target database and the literatures. Uniprot database was used to find the anti-influenza virus targets, and RCSB was used to identify targets associated with anti-influenza virus activity as docked receptor proteins. QuickVina 2.0 software was used for molecular docking. Finally, the Cytoscape 3.5.1 software was used to map the potential activity compounds of the genus Paeonia against influenza virus and the anti-influenza virus target network. Uniprot online database was used to analyze the target GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathways. The results showed that 74 compounds of the genus Paeonia had anti-influenza virus effect and 18 potential anti-influenza virus targets were screened. GO analysis concluded that the mechanism of the genus Paeonia anti-influenza virus is consistent with the mechanism of NA anti-influenza virus in order to stop the sprouting, dispersion and diffusion of virus and reduce the ability of virus to infect, so that the infection can be restricted so as to achieve the anti-influenza virus effect.